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OK, I just started learning some lessons on PulseAudio. The biggest one is, I think I see why it is needed. The list of Linux software sound systems is amazingly chaotic, but for the first time, I followed a simple recipe and saw things work: the Pulse team is the first one which seems to work hard to get everything working. For one example, Adobe Flash audio. For web multimedia, it is essential today. I had five different distros do Flash audio for a while, and then stop. I had two (and multiple versions of Ubuntu...) never work at all. In every case, I studied what was in use, learned that it was trying to use things already present and running, followed instructions et cetera, and they never worked. But Flash 10 supports Pulse. Adobe folk must have been impressed. Once I had Pulse working, it worked, and very stably, a big difference. And there was a way before; I don't understand how it worked, but it did exist. I also now think I know one very good reason why KDE 3 had to be thrown out: it is very aRts-integrated for sound. aRts is an audio system no longer in development: its leader declared 2-3 years ago that he no longer believes its fundamental design principles are good, and that it deserves to be abandoned, so he abandoned it. There is a page on the aRts site with the text, it is an educational read. I agree with him :-) aRts used to do awful things for me every time I tried to depend on it. Perhaps its most seriously troubling aspect, was that it ran nearer the KDE high-level, and far from kernel-level, which means audio/video sync was often bad, and the kernel could not babysit the audio hardware as it badly needs to do, resulting in all sorts of crashes and hangs. Perhaps we need to compare KDE 3 to Windows 95, and KDE 4.1 to XP. Things are not that simple, but the type of analogy remains. Another example. Audacity (a powerful yet newby-usable audio editor) is a hold-out project; reportedly development has slowed quite a lot lately. But the Pulse people have something for such cases: it will run, with a small change of launch icon, which simply turns Pulse off for the duration of the run. I tried it; it is seamless. J.E.B.
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